Green Spotted Puffer Fish (Tetraodon nigroviridis)

Origin and Habitat:
The Green Spotted Puffer Fish, Tetraodon nigroviridis, hails from Southeast Asia. It inhabits a variety of environments, including brackish rivers, estuaries, and coastal areas in countries like Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia. These fish are typically found in slow-moving or still waters rich in vegetation, where they use their keen eyesight and specialized teeth to hunt for crustaceans, mollusks, and other invertebrates.

Appearance:
Green Spotted Puffers are known for their striking coloration. They feature a light green body covered in dark green spots and a pale underside. With their round, chubby shape and large eyes, they have an expressive appearance that captivates aquarists. On average, they grow to about 6 inches (15 cm) in length.

Aquarium Care:
Keeping a Green Spotted Puffer requires special attention due to their unique requirements:

• Tank Size: A minimum of 30 gallons is recommended for a single puffer, though larger tanks (50+ gallons) are preferable as these puffers are active swimmers.
• Water Parameters: Despite being freshwater when young, Green Spotted Puffers transition to brackish water (slightly salty) as they mature. The salinity should range between 1.005 and 1.015 SG. The water temperature should be kept between 75°F to 82°F (24°C to 28°C), with a pH of 7.5 to 8.2.
• Diet: Puffers are carnivorous and require a diet of meaty foods. They thrive on a diet of live or frozen foods such as snails, shrimp, clams, and worms. Their teeth grow continuously, so crunchy foods like shellfish are necessary to help wear down their teeth.
• Behavior and Temperament: Green Spotted Puffers are curious and intelligent but can be aggressive, especially toward smaller tankmates. They are best kept alone or with other large, semi-aggressive fish that can handle their assertive nature. Plenty of hiding spaces and decor can reduce territorial aggression.

Aquarium Setup:
The tank should include a variety of decorations like driftwood, rocks, and plants to create a stimulating environment. Brackish water plants, such as Java fern and Anubias, can be suitable choices. Ensure regular water changes, as puffers are sensitive to water quality.

Lifespan:
With proper care, Green Spotted Puffers can live between 10 to 15 years, making them a long-term commitment for dedicated aquarists.

Conclusion:
The Green Spotted Puffer Fish is a fascinating and unique species that can be a rewarding pet for experienced aquarium keepers. Their playful behavior and striking appearance make them a centerpiece in any tank, but their specific care needs—particularly their diet and water salinity—mean they require careful attention to thrive.