Tiger Shovelnose Catfish (Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum): A Guide to Care and Keeping

The Tiger Shovelnose Catfish, scientifically known as Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, is an extraordinary fish that adds a unique touch to any large aquarium with its distinct pattern and size. Native to the rivers of South America, this catfish is best suited for experienced aquarists who can accommodate its large size and specific care needs. In this blog, we’ll explore the origin, care, tank setup, and ideal tank mates for this magnificent species.

Origin and Habitat

The Tiger Shovelnose Catfish hails from the Amazon and Orinoco River basins in South America, where it inhabits deep, slow-moving rivers, flooded forests, and riverbeds. Known for its elongated body, pointed snout, and beautiful tiger-like stripes, this species uses its camouflage to ambush prey. In the wild, they are voracious predators, preying on smaller fish, crustaceans, and insects.

Appearance and Size

With its sleek body, broad head, and distinct black-and-white tiger stripes, the Tiger Shovelnose Catfish is a striking sight. This species can grow up to 3 feet (91 cm) in the wild, although it often reaches slightly smaller lengths in aquariums. Due to its large size, only aquarists with sizable tank setups should consider keeping this fish.

Tank Setup and Care Requirements

Tank Size

The Tiger Shovelnose Catfish requires a large aquarium with a minimum size of 180 gallons for juveniles, eventually needing 300+ gallons as it matures. This ensures they have ample swimming space and can grow to their full potential. A long tank is preferred over a tall one, as it provides more horizontal space for this bottom-dwelling species to explore.

Filtration and Water Quality

As a large and active fish, the Tiger Shovelnose produces a significant amount of waste, so a strong filtration system is essential. A sump or canister filter with high capacity will help maintain water quality. Additionally, weekly water changes of 25-30% are necessary to keep the water parameters stable and reduce ammonia buildup.

Water Parameters

• Temperature: 75-82°F (24-28°C)
• pH: 6.0-7.5
• Water Hardness: Soft to moderately hard water is ideal for this catfish.

Substrate and Decorations

A soft sandy substrate mimics the riverbeds they come from, reducing the risk of injury to their sensitive barbels. While they are active swimmers, Tiger Shovelnose Catfish appreciate hiding spots like driftwood, rocks, and caves. Ensure the decorations are large and stable, as these fish may accidentally knock over lighter items due to their size and strength.

Diet and Feeding

Tiger Shovelnose Catfish are carnivorous and thrive on a high-protein diet. In the aquarium, their diet can include:

• Fresh or frozen foods: Pieces of fish, shrimp, and squid.
• Pellets: High-quality sinking carnivore pellets are suitable for daily feeding.
• Live food: Occasionally, live foods such as feeder fish can be given to stimulate their natural hunting behavior.

Feed them once a day, or every other day as they mature, to prevent overfeeding. Always avoid feeding them too frequently, as this can lead to obesity and water quality issues.

Tank Mates for Tiger Shovelnose Catfish

The Tiger Shovelnose Catfish can be kept with certain tank mates, provided they are large, sturdy fish that won’t fit in the catfish's mouth. Good tank mates include:

• Arowanas: Silver and Black Arowanas make suitable tank mates due to their size and similar water requirements.
• Large Cichlids: Oscars, Peacock Bass, and Green Terror Cichlids can coexist well, as long as the tank is spacious.
• Other Large Catfish: Shovelnose Catfish can live with other catfish species like Redtail Catfish or Brachyplatystoma, provided the tank size is sufficient to reduce territorial behavior.

Note: Avoid keeping Tiger Shovelnose Catfish with small fish, as they are natural predators and may eat smaller tank mates.

Challenges and Considerations

The Tiger Shovelnose Catfish is a rewarding fish to keep for those prepared to meet its needs. However, due to its size, high waste production, and predatory nature, this catfish is best suited for experienced aquarists with adequate space and equipment. Additionally, always monitor the size of tank mates as well as the Shovelnose’s growth rate to prevent accidental predation.

In Summary

The Tiger Shovelnose Catfish (Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum) is a captivating and unique addition to large aquariums. With proper care, a suitable tank setup, and compatible tank mates, this South American giant can thrive and become the centerpiece of a freshwater aquarium. However, always ensure you’re ready for the commitment of maintaining a large tank and providing the best environment for this remarkable fish.