The Dwarf Pea Pufferfish (Carinotetraodon travancoricus), also known as the Malabar or Indian Pea Puffer, is a small freshwater fish species that has gained popularity among aquarium enthusiasts for its vibrant colors and charming personality. In this article, we will explore the fascinating world of the Dwarf Pea Pufferfish, discussing its characteristics, habitat, care requirements, and more.

The Dwarf Pea Pufferfish is aptly named for its diminutive size, as it rarely grows larger than 1 inch (2.5 centimeters). Despite its small stature, this fish is known for its striking appearance. It features a rounded body with distinctive green or olive-colored flanks and a series of prominent black spots. These spots give the fish a unique and eye-catching appearance. Their vivid coloration adds to their appeal, making them a popular choice for aquarists looking to add a pop of color to their tanks.

Dwarf Pea Pufferfish are native to the Western Ghats region of India, particularly in the Kerala and Karnataka states. They are typically found in slow-moving or still waters, such as shallow streams, ponds, and swamps with dense vegetation. These waters are often rich in plant life, which provides hiding spots and a source of food for these small fish.

These pint-sized puffers are known for their playful and curious nature. They exhibit an inquisitive behavior, often exploring their surroundings and interacting with objects in their tank. They are generally peaceful with other fish of similar size, but can become territorial and even slightly aggressive during mating or when protecting their territory. However, their aggression is mild compared to larger pufferfish species.

To keep Dwarf Pea Pufferfish happy and healthy, it is essential to provide them with a suitable environment. Here are some key considerations:

1. **Tank Size**: A small group of Dwarf Pea Pufferfish can be comfortably housed in a tank of 10 gallons or larger.

2. **Water Parameters**: These fish prefer slightly acidic to neutral water with a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5 and a temperature range of 78-82°F (25-28°C).

3. **Filtration**: A gentle, sponge filter or a low-flow filter is ideal as these fish are not strong swimmers.

4. **Substrate and Plants**: Add a sandy substrate to mimic their natural habitat, and provide plenty of live plants for cover and enrichment. They may nip at plants occasionally, so choose hardy species.

5. **Tank Mates**: Carefully select tank mates that are small, peaceful, and can tolerate slightly brackish water conditions as Dwarf Pea Pufferfish appreciate a small amount of salt in their water.

Dwarf Pea Pufferfish are carnivorous and enjoy a varied diet. Their diet should consist of high-quality flake foods, frozen or live food like daphnia, brine shrimp, and bloodworms. Offering a mix of foods will help ensure they receive the essential nutrients they need.

Breeding Dwarf Pea Pufferfish can be challenging due to their territorial behavior. To increase the chances of success, create a separate breeding tank with plenty of hiding spots. Provide a balanced diet to condition the fish and maintain stable water parameters. The female will lay eggs, and the male will fertilize them. After hatching, the fry can be raised on infusoria and later on baby brine shrimp.

Dwarf Pea Pufferfish are a delightful addition to the world of aquarium fishkeeping. Their tiny size, vibrant coloration, and engaging behavior make them a favorite among hobbyists. With proper care and attention to their specific requirements, these fish can thrive and become the centerpiece of a beautifully aquascaped aquarium. If you're considering keeping Dwarf Pea Pufferfish, ensure you provide them with a suitable habitat, a balanced diet, and a peaceful community of tank mates to enjoy their captivating presence.