The aquarium hobby is replete with a dazzling array of fish species that captivate enthusiasts with their vibrant colors, unique behaviors, and intriguing characteristics. One such gem in the aquatic realm is the Black Neon Tetra (*Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi*), a small yet captivating fish that boasts both elegance and charm. Originating from the freshwater streams and tributaries of the Amazon basin in South America, the Black Neon Tetra has earned its place as a beloved member of many home aquariums.

The Black Neon Tetra is a petite fish that generally grows to about 1 to 1.5 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) in length. Its most striking feature is its deep, iridescent black coloration, which contrasts beautifully with the neon blue horizontal stripe that runs along its body. This blue stripe shimmers like a neon light, creating an eye-catching effect against the dark background.

In the wild, Black Neon Tetras inhabit slow-moving waters of South American streams and creeks, where they prefer to reside among densely vegetated areas and areas shaded by overhanging vegetation. Their natural habitat often contains tannins from decaying leaves, which contribute to the slightly acidic and soft water conditions they thrive in.

In aquarium settings, it's essential to replicate these conditions as closely as possible to ensure the well-being of the Black Neon Tetras. They are shoaling fish, meaning they prefer to be kept in groups of at least six or more. This not only mimics their natural behavior but also helps them feel secure and reduces stress.

Creating a suitable environment for Black Neon Tetras requires attention to water parameters and tank setup. A tank size of at least 20 gallons is recommended for a small group. The water should be slightly acidic with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.5 and a temperature range of 72 to 82°F (22 to 28°C). Soft water with a low to moderate hardness is preferred.

Aquascaping the tank with live plants, driftwood, and subdued lighting helps simulate their natural habitat and provides hiding spots. The dark substrate accentuates the fish's vibrant colors, making them stand out even more.

Black Neon Tetras are omnivores, which means they consume a varied diet. In the wild, they feed on small insects, crustaceans, and plant matter. In captivity, they readily accept high-quality flake foods, pellets, and freeze-dried or live foods like brine shrimp, daphnia, and bloodworms. A varied diet ensures they receive the necessary nutrients to thrive and display their best colors.

Breeding Black Neon Tetras can be challenging, as it requires mimicking their natural breeding conditions. Separate breeding tanks with soft, slightly acidic water and fine-leaved plants provide suitable environments for spawning. The fish lay their eggs among the plants, which should be removed after spawning to prevent the adults from consuming the eggs.

Raising the fry (baby fish) requires attention to water quality, proper feeding, and protection from potential predators. Infusoria, baby brine shrimp, and micro-worms are suitable foods for the fry during their early stages.

The Black Neon Tetra stands as a testament to the beauty that can be found in the aquatic world. Its combination of dark elegance and neon brilliance has earned it a place of honor in countless aquariums around the world. By providing the right care, suitable environment, and companionship of a school, aquarists can enjoy the enchanting presence of the Black Neon Tetra and witness its graceful movements and captivating colors in their own aquatic haven.