Ornate Bichir (Polypterus ornatipinnis) Care Guide

The Ornate Bichir is a fascinating and prehistoric-looking freshwater fish known for its elongated body, armored scales, and impressive dorsal finlets. Native to rivers and floodplains in Central Africa, this nocturnal predator is prized for its unique appearance and ancient lineage, making it a standout in large aquariums.

Appearance
Ornate Bichirs have long, cylindrical bodies covered in thick, protective scales. Their coloration ranges from olive to brown with dark vertical markings and intricate patterns along their sides and fins. Adults can grow up to 18 to 24 inches in captivity, with some individuals reaching even larger sizes. They have a prominent dorsal fin composed of multiple finlets and pectoral fins that allow precise movement along the substrate.

Behavior and Temperament
These bichirs are primarily nocturnal and tend to be calm during the day, often hiding among rocks, driftwood, or vegetation. They are predatory but generally slow-moving and deliberate. They are best kept with other large, non-aggressive species to avoid stress or predation on smaller fish.

Aquarium Requirements
A minimum of 125 gallons is recommended for adult Ornate Bichirs. Provide a soft sand substrate to protect their sensitive undersides and plenty of hiding places using rocks, driftwood, or PVC caves. Ensure the tank has a secure lid, as bichirs are known to occasionally explore above the water surface.

Water Parameters
Temperature: 75 to 82°F
pH: 6.5 to 7.5
Water Hardness: Soft to moderately hard
Stable, clean water is essential, with strong filtration and regular water changes to maintain high water quality.

Diet
Ornate Bichirs are carnivorous and thrive on a diet of meaty foods. Offer live or frozen fish, shrimp, earthworms, bloodworms, and high-quality carnivore pellets. Feeding should occur in the evening when they are most active.

Tank Mates
Best tank mates include other large, peaceful or semi-aggressive fish such as arowanas, large catfish, and other bichirs. Avoid small fish that may be viewed as prey and overly aggressive species that may stress them.

Special Considerations
Ornate Bichirs are long-lived, often exceeding 15 years in captivity. They can breathe atmospheric air using a specialized lung-like organ, so access to the water surface is important. Their slow growth and large size require commitment and proper tank planning.

Summary
The Ornate Bichir is a captivating and ancient fish species that adds character and intrigue to a large freshwater aquarium. Its armored body, unique patterns, and calm, predatory nature make it a rewarding choice for experienced aquarists seeking a distinctive centerpiece fish.