The Redtail Catfish (Phractocephalus hemioliopterus) is a striking and powerful freshwater fish native to the rivers and floodplains of South America, particularly the Amazon, Orinoco, and Essequibo river basins. Known for its distinctive bright red or orange tail, large size, and bold personality, this species is a true showstopper for experienced aquarists with very large aquariums or indoor ponds.

Redtail Catfish have a sleek, torpedo-shaped body with dark gray to black coloration on the back and a creamy white underside. Their vibrant tail fin, long whisker-like barbels, and impressive size make them one of the most recognizable species of large catfish. This fish is highly active and intelligent, often learning to recognize its owner and even accepting food directly from their hand.

Due to their size and growth rate, Redtail Catfish require extremely spacious aquariums or ponds to thrive. Juveniles may seem manageable, but they grow rapidly, often reaching over 3 to 4 feet in length under proper care. They also need strong filtration systems to handle the heavy bioload they produce and plenty of open swimming space, as well as large hiding spots like caves or driftwood.

Feeding Redtail Catfish is relatively simple as they are carnivorous and have hearty appetites. In captivity, they will accept a wide range of foods, including sinking pellets formulated for large carnivorous fish, frozen or fresh fish, shrimp, mussels, earthworms, and other meaty foods. Overfeeding should be avoided to maintain water quality and fish health.

Because of their predatory nature, Redtail Catfish are not suitable for community tanks with smaller fish, as they will view anything that fits in their mouth as prey. They are best housed either alone or with other similarly large, robust species.

With proper space, filtration, and care, the Redtail Catfish can live for many years and grow into a magnificent centerpiece animal. Its sheer size, bright tail, and interactive behavior make it a favorite among aquarists who can meet its demanding requirements.